Allergy Testing
Allergy Testing
Allergy testing helps identify substances (allergens) that trigger allergic reactions in individuals. These tests are essential for diagnosing allergies and guiding treatment to manage or avoid specific triggers effectively.
Types of Allergy Tests
Skin Prick Test (SPT):
- A small amount of a suspected allergen is introduced into the skin using a tiny needle.
- If an allergy is present, the skin develops a raised, red, itchy bump (wheal) within 15-20 minutes.
- This test is commonly used for diagnosing environmental allergies, food allergies, and insect venom allergies.
Intradermal Skin Test:
- A small amount of allergen is injected just under the skin.
- It is more sensitive than the skin prick test and often used for diagnosing insect sting allergies.
Patch Test:
- Patches containing allergens are placed on the skin, typically on the back, for 48 hours.
- It helps diagnose contact dermatitis caused by allergens like nickel, fragrances, or latex.
Blood Test (Specific IgE Testing):
- Measures the level of allergen-specific antibodies (IgE) in the blood.
- Useful when skin tests are not possible, such as in cases of severe eczema or medication interference.
Oral Food Challenge:
- Conducted under medical supervision, small amounts of suspected allergens are ingested to confirm or rule out food allergies.
Preparation and Safety
- Discontinue antihistamines or certain medications before testing to avoid false-negative results.
- Allergy testing is safe but should always be performed under the guidance of a healthcare professional to manage potential severe reactions.
Consult an allergist to determine the most appropriate test for your symptoms and medical history.
